Science and technology are forms of knowledge used for various purposes within a society. Science is the knowledge that society uses to understand the natural world while technology is the knowledge that society uses to survive in the natural world. Using these definitions, it is understood that society serves as a background for the dissemination of these forms of knowledge and that they should be studied in the context of society. Society also determines the shape and direction of science and technology through three main factors – environment (geography, etc.), historical experience and lifestyle. A notable example of the influence of society in shaping the shape of science and technology is the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Its precarious position between its hostile country, North Korea, and its former colonial master, Japan, has provided the impetus for its continued efforts to establish a strong scientific and technological capability. The historical experience of South Korea as one of the poorest countries in the world during the 1960s also contributed to its development of electronics, semiconductor devices and robots in order to enhance its economic resources.<\/p>\n

The history of science as knowledge goes back to ancient times when natural philosophers such as Thales of Miletus and Democritus observed and theorized events in the natural world. It was in the places where Islam was practiced that science first emerged. Eventually, science gained momentum in Europe when the Protestant Reformation emerged which emphasized the value of individualism in the search for explanations for various natural phenomena. Then this era of science was replaced by the occurrence of the scientific revolution three centuries ago when science developed into what is known today. According to Michael Mosley’s The Story of Science, the Renaissance which paved the way for an unprecedented influx of scientific discovery and invention and the Reformation which opened the minds of Europe to the individual search for knowledge are the two main factors that act as catalysts for the Scientific Revolution. This revolution began in Prague where Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler, two prominent astrologers of the Middle Ages, began making their own astronomical and planetary observations that eventually debunked the geocentric view of the Earth and transformed it into a heliocentric view of the Earth. Isaac Newton and Galileo Galilei led the scientific revolution to its climax.<\/p>\n

In defining the term knowledge, it should be noted that legitimate knowledge is information that can be processed by human senses, externally verifiable by others, and supported by acceptable evidence. In Habermas’ classification of knowledge, it is said that knowledge is classified into three, namely: empirical knowledge, historical knowledge, and critical knowledge. Empirical knowledge is concerned with understanding the material world, historical knowledge is concerned with understanding the meaning of historical texts, and critical knowledge is concerned with revealing sources of domination. Scientific knowledge can be classified under empirical knowledge. Therefore, it can be conjectured that scientific knowledge is not the only form of legitimate knowledge and that there are other forms of knowledge. Literature is one such form of knowledge. In the poet’s way of knowing Louis, poetry is cited as a form of literature and that it works in a field closed to science. The language used scientifically cannot describe a landscape or a face. It is said that literature improves us by showing us images of perfection which is the end of all earthly learning which is a virtuous act. Therefore, literature is said to be complementary to science because what literature cannot do and vice versa. Literature as knowledge is empirical, hermeneutical, and critical knowledge all at the same time.<\/p>\n

After defining knowledge, the question arises of how to create the new knowledge. This question is answered through the scientific method in which science acts as a method of research. The basic technique of the scientific method is observation that uses the five human senses to gather qualitative data about the natural world. The scientific method consists of identifying and defining a problem, formulating and testing a hypothesis. This method is geared towards discovering facts and principles. This knowledge is produced scientifically through empirical verification – using empirical data and observations to confirm the truth or rational justification of a hypothesis. Although the scientific method offers a reliable method for research to produce new knowledge, it also has its share of drawbacks. Some of these drawbacks include its inability to capture phenomena in their natural setting, the possibility of flawed design or its manipulation, the fact that not everything can be subjected to experiment, and the limitations presented by scientific equipment and resources.<\/p>\n

Science and technology allow humans to understand the natural world and survive. The scientific method is used to produce new scientific knowledge. Modern civilization is founded on the scientific and technological achievements of the past which makes science and technology indispensable in today’s era. However, scientific knowledge which is a type of empirical knowledge is not the only form of knowledge in the world because it has certain limitations. One of the other forms of knowledge is literature – empirical, hermeneutical and critical at the same time. Science and literature complement each other. Finally, science is a form of knowledge and it is also a method of research.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Science and technology are forms of knowledge used for various purposes within a society. Science is the knowledge that society uses to understand the natural world while technology is the knowledge that society uses to survive in the natural world. Using these definitions, it is understood that society serves as a background for the dissemination […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-robotics-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colegiosarenasgrancanaria.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}